What Does The Cambrian Explosion Tell Us About Evolution

The rapid diversification of most major living phyla in the fossil record known as ‘The Cambrian Explosion’ presents a challenge – even to those with limited understanding of evolution. With the acknowledgement of this ‘explosion’ comes the issue of how it occurred. The problem arises because this sudden burst of change is inconsistent with the typical thought of evolution resulting from gradual change over time – otherwise known as uniformitarian theory (Erwin, 2011). This inconsistency begs the question: What does the Cambrian explosion tell us about evolution? Are we simply missing information, and the process is indeed gradual – or did something unusual and fairly rapid happen in Cambrian? Knowledge of relationships between animals may allow us to deduce the answer: the two main branches of the animal tree are protostomes and deuterostomes, while the trunk of the tree includes sponges and cnidarians. The first appearance of these protostome and deuterostome groups is arguably in the Cambrian period – while arguments have been made for an earlier bilaterian, for instance the 555 million year old Kimberella, they are not persuasive – for reasons discussed later in this essay. We can assert that whatever was shared by two or more groups was likely to have been present in their last common ancestor. In this case, all members have bilateral organization in their life stages. Thus, the theory of the common ancestor of bilaterians – Urbilateria – arose (De Robertis Sasai,Show MoreRelatedThe Between Greek And Egyptian Civilizations1596 Words   |  7 Pagesseem as though an eternity has passed between now and 1945 for the centenarian, but even th e oldest amongst us would see the time between the foundation of the greek and egyptian civilizations as having a length much less than the 2500 years that separate the two. Two varieties of ancient hominids may seem to be virtually contemporaries, when they are in actuality over a million years of evolution removed from one another. Humans have many methods to describe large numbers mathematically. Ever sinceRead MoreThe Origin Of Life : Intelligent Design Vs. Materialistic Naturalism2359 Words   |  10 Pageshow did life begin? Is the universe the result of chaotic chance or intelligent design? How did life on earth come to be? These are some of the many questions scientist work hard to solve, but what does their research tell them? Let’s start with the well-recognized theory of evolution. Evolution, a theory made famous by Charles Darwin; is the process in which an organism changes over time via adaptation, mutation and gene isolation. According to an article by evolutionary biologist RichardRead MoreA Look at Prominent Worldviews1349 Words   |  6 Pages James W. Sire claimed that world view is â€Å"†¦a set of presuppositions†¦ which we hold†¦ about the makeup of our world.† As of me, my definition does not deviate much. World view is the way, either supported or unsupported, how I see what I see. It’s like glasses where I see everything through the filter of glasses. Supposedly, world view can affect one very much. The fact that Muslims goes to Mecca or Christians going to church every week or the mere choice between chocolate bar and ice cream are allRead MoreThe Big Bang Theory Of God s Word3237 Words   |  13 PagesAs we all grow up we tend to believe what we want to believe in. If God gave us a brain to think, would going ag ainst the Bible be wrong? We have all heard the complicated question, did God make the earth in six days or did evolution play a major part in the making of earth. Many people in the older days would be judge or even killed to even think this, but as science with factual evidence develope, we are start to fit all the missing pieces together. Although is factual evidence enough to flashRead MoreA Short History of Nearly Everything6112 Words   |  25 Pages2005 in the UK, selling over 300,000 copies.[1] instead describing general sciences such as chemistry, paleontology, astronomy, and particle physics. In it, he explores time from the Big Bang to the discovery of quantum mechanics, via evolution and geology. Bryson tells the story of science through the stories of the people who made the discoveries, such as Edwin Hubble, Isaac Newton, and Albert Einstein. Background Bill Bryson wrote this book because he was dissatisfied with his scientific knowledgeRead MoreA Short History of Nearly Everything6112 Words   |  25 Pagesin the UK, selling over 300,000 copies.[1] instead describing general sciences such as chemistry, paleontology, astronomy, and particle physics. In it, he explores time from the Big Bang to the discovery of quantum mechanics, via evolution and geology. Bryson tells the story of science through the stories of the people who made the discoveries, such as Edwin Hubble, Isaac Newton, and Albert Einstein. Background Bill Bryson wrote this book because he was dissatisfied with his scientific knowledgeRead MoreCreationism Vs. Evolution Essay2859 Words   |  12 PagesThe theory of evolution, as set forth by Charles Darwin in 1859, stated that all plant and animal life evolved over long periods of time from simple to more complicated forms through mutation and adaptation. He also taught that only the fittest of each species would survive. He further postulated that the first living cell evolved in a warm warm little pond and that it took billions of years for the present diversity of living things to evolve. At the time, it was thought that the few missingRead More Biblical Creationism versus Scientific Origin Essay example8399 Words   |  34 Pagesorigins. There are two reasons for this: firstly, there are those with a literal or semi-literal interpretation of the Bible (or other relevant holy book) who remain convinced that the world was created in the recent past looking more or less as it does today. Obviously, this issue must be resolved before the existence or nature of the deity can even begin to be discussed! Secondly, even those with the more common, nonliteral interpretation of the creation story often use arguments that arent valid

Jay Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1142 Words

Jay Gatsby stands out amongst the most fascinating and important guys in fictional writing, despite the fact that he is not has dynamic and changing has the other characters in the novel. Infact, Jay Gatsby has changed very little since he was young. born has James Gatz to poor farmers in North Dakota, he chose at a very young age that he wanted more out of life than his home town could offer. He leaves home to discover riches. While relaxing on the shore one day, he sees a yacht docked off the coast. He gets in a small boat and goes out to warn the owner of the yacht about a storm that is coming. That’s where he meets Dan Cody, a to a great degree affluent and fiercely extreme man. He likes the young James Gatz and offers him a job. By†¦show more content†¦He lives a wild, lavish life and drives his showy cars with hopes of drawing in Daisy s. She has turned into his purpose behind living. Gatsby never lets go of his fantasy and frequently connects with the green l ight at the end of Daisy s dock. When the story starts, Nick Carraway has moved in next to him. Gatsby gets to know the young guy and after that discovers that he is a distant cousin of Daisy Buchanan. He convinces Nick to have both Daisy and him over at his house for tea. Them gathering at Nick s home makes a issue. Gatsby says she frequently goes to his home, and she kisses him on the mouth when her significant other leaves the room. Daisy is basically playing with Gatsby s heart, utilizing him as an alleviation from her fatigue and as a striking back against her remorseless, unfaithful husband. Gatsby, be that as it may, has put her on such a platform, to the point that he can t even see any of Daisy s issues. He likewise gullibly trusts that he will bait Daisy far from Tom and delete her past existence with her better half. At the point when Tom understands that his wife has an association with Gatsby, he stands up to the adversary. He calls Gatsby a Mr. No one from Nowhere and blames him for not going to Oxford and profiting illicitly. Daisy apathetically goes to his guide, empowering Gatsby into a stupid encounter. He reveals to Tom that Daisy has constantly adored him and never cherished Tom; he even tells Daisy to repeat the words to Tom,Show MoreRelatedF. Scott Fitzgerald s Jay Gatsby 1872 Words   |  8 PagesFollowing the destruction caused by World War I, it became obvious that the United States needed to rebuild itself. Jay Gatsby, even though fictionalized character, represented many of the hardships of the time, he â€Å"was promoted to be a major, and every Allied government gave me a decoration† (Fitzgerald 71), but yet when he came back from the war he had a very hard time finding a job or work.This lead to many long-held pre-war values and customs being rejected by a new rising youth culture, whichRead MoreAnalysis Of Jay Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1752 Words   |  8 Pages One in twenty-five people suffer from borderline personality disorder, a condition where a pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal relations and self-image form at the beginning of early adulthood and continue on. Jay Gatsby pathologically has an excessive and erotic interest in himself and his physical attributes and appearance, which makes him classify as a narcissist. Narcissism and borderline personality disorder can combine together to make a unique set of symptoms, such as a needRead MoreAn Autobiographical Portrayal of F. Scott Fitzgerald as Jay Gatsby2000 Words   |  8 PagesFrances Scott Key Fitzgerald, born September 24, 1896 in St. Paul, Minnesota, is seen today as one of the true great American novelists. Although he lived a life filled with alcoholism, despair, and lost-love, he managed to create the ultimate love story and seemed to pinpoint the  ¡Ã‚ §Ame rican Dream ¡Ã‚ ¨ in his classic novel, The Great Gatsby. In the novel, Jay Gatsby is the epitome of the  ¡Ã‚ §self-made man, ¡Ã‚ ¨ in which he dictates his entire life to climbing the social ladder in order to gain wealth, toRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Jay Gatsby in The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald999 Words   |  4 PagesGreat Gatsby is an extraordinary novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, who tells the story about the wealthy man of Long Island named, Jay Gatsby, a middle aged man with a mysterious past, who lives at a gothic mansion and hosts many parties with many strangers who were not entirely invited. In the novel, The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, many characters are discussed uniquely to an extent from the festive, yet status hungry Roaring Twenties. In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald introducesRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Jay Gatsby in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1186 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"You can’t repeat the pa st?... Why of course you can.† (110 This enduring quote from the famous novel The Great Gatsby by none other than F. Scott Fitzgerald stirs the mind and imagination in wonder of the very character who had uttered these words. Infamous Gatsby is the mysterious man behind the lavish and enthralling parties; a man who made his money and his image in that of a king. But, who is this mysterious man? How did he receive the great fortune of developing all of which he had possessedRead MoreJay Gatsbys Materialism in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald834 Words   |  3 PagesJohn D. Rockefeller once said, â€Å"I can think of nothing less pleasurable than a life devoted to pleasure.† Throughout F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, the importance of rampant materialism, excessive need for luxury and unprecedented levels of prosperity in the roaring twenties is shown through the life of Jay Gatsby. When one is asked of the 1920s, the first things that come to mi nd are flapper girls, jazz, the birth of mass culture, and prohibition. This was an age of dramatic social andRead MoreAnalysis Of Jay Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2026 Words   |  9 PagesJay Gatsby (1:2) wealthy, middle westerner, the man the book is about Nick’s great Uncle (1:3) he came to the U.S in year 51, he started a hardware business and now Nick’s father runs the business Young Man (1:3) a co-worker, this young man and Nick found a house together in West Egg Dodge and Finnish woman (1:4) made Nicks bed and cooked breakfast for him, â€Å"muttered Finnish wisdom to herself over the electric stove† Pg 4. Ch1. Daisy Buchanan (1:5) beautiful, Nick’s cousin, married to Tom Tom BuchananRead MoreJay Gatsby ´s Outlook on Life in F. Scott Fitzgerald ´s The Great Gatsby663 Words   |  3 Pageswrote, F. Scott Fitzgerald, author of The Great Gatsby, would most likely agree with the general philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau on human psychology. In a nutshell, the view of Rousseau was simply that man is naturally pure and free, only to be corrupted by society and the outside world. In connecting Fitzgerald’s use of appropriate color symbolism to the two parts of Rousseau’s view, we can see how he (Fitzgerald) is describing the nature of man in general terms through the story of Jay GatsbyRead MoreThe Film Adaptation Of Jay Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1359 Words   |  6 PagesThe 2013 film adaptation of Jay Gatsby, a man who rose from poverty as a child to being a millionaire with all the makings, enormous house, servants, hundreds of friends. He exemplifies the self-made man theory; he is successful both socially and financially. He bas ically created a completely new person for himself from his past life. But with all the wealth and status Gatsby accumulated, on the surface, it made him appear to be living the American Dream but it essentially leads to his demise. NumerousRead MoreIs Jay Gatsby in F. Scott Fitzgerald ´s The Great Gatsby, a Good Man? 757 Words   |  4 PagesTo decide whether Jay Gatsby is a good man or not, one must define what a ‘good man’ really is. Although it is an extremely vague and layered term, a ‘good man’ best fits the description of a man whose intentions are never meant to harm anyone. In addition, readers must remember that the Gatsby in the novel is Nick Carraway’s version, and that is a very biased version. Yet, based off of the events depicted in The Great Gatsby, I believe that Jay Gatsby is a good man. Gatsby is not formally introduced

Are gender differences socially shaped Free Essays

a) The term androgyny is the meaning for a person who uses both male and female characteristics. b) Content analysis is the analysing of different communications and the sort of message they’re giving out. An example of this is a study of British TV adverts conducted by Manstead and McCulloch in 1981. We will write a custom essay sample on Are gender differences socially shaped? or any similar topic only for you Order Now They found evidence that stereo-typing of the male and female role was significant and that because of this, the adverts are likely to play an active part in shaping cultural attitudes towards women. c) One study in which the experimental method was used was by Money Erhardt (1972). They were interested in seeing whether a boy who’s identity had been changed would develop as a biological male or, because of his new identity, a male. They could compare this with his identical twin brother. The method was that due to an accident during surgery, this child of 7 months suffered injuries to his genitals so badly that the doctors advised to the parents that he should be castrated and given plastic surgery to create a female appearance. During adolescence, the hormone oestrogen was given to the child (known as Joan) to encourage breast development. Money monitored the behaviour of Joan until early adolescence. The results were that Joan did in fact develop as a normal female. She assumed a traditional female identity and was far more feminine than her identical twin brother. The conclusion to this experiment is that if it was presented in the nature vs. nurture debate, nurture would win in this case. Even though Joan was a biological male, the results showed that Joan developed a female gender identity. d) The use of cross-cultural research to investigate gender differences is essentially to point the differences in cultures by environmental factors, shaping the development of gender identity. Mead (1935) conducted a study of three societies to see whether there were differences in gender roles looking at the nature vs. nurture idea. She went to New Guinea for six months to study ‘The Arapesh’ who lived in the mountains, ‘The Mundugamor’ who lived by the riverside and ‘The Tchambuli’ who lived on the lakeside. She wasn’t campring the differences between the three groups, but the differences of their culture compared to traditional Western culture. Her results showed that The Arapesh showed that there were similarities between themselves and Western society, although they were more interested in the community than reaching their own individual targets. The Mundugamor showed traits that were described as masculine. Both males and females were ‘fierce’ and ‘cannibalistic’. The Tchambuli had very obvious gender roles, although they were the reverse of the West; men were more artistic and women held more status and economic power. Her conclusion to this was that culture is the major socialising and conditioning agent, particularly in the early years. There’s no relationship between biological sex and gender role. Although this has been a hugely studied work, there is some criticisms that should be brought up. She was very young when she produced this study, so she was with little life experience and her judgement may have been influenced and slightly ‘over-the-top’ in places. She was known to have believed strongly in the idea that the environment is a major factor in shaping gender roles. Mead only spent six months in these places, so didn’t get the full yearly cycle. Errington and Gewertz (1989) recognised all of these problems and went to do the same study that Mead had done over 50 years before them. They went to the Tchambuli and recognised that women didn’t diominate men, nor did men dominate women. They believed that Mead being a women and experiencing what she may have thought ‘unfair’ at the time in 1930’s Western culture, may have changed her idea of what she was observing. Despite the flaws, this was still a great study that used cross-cultural research to investigate gender differences. In conclusion, I think that cross-cultural studies into gender differences has certainly provided a lot of evidence over the years to show that gender differences are a socially shaped. Traditions and values certainly shape cultural ideas, but maybe due to the nature of evolution, what might appear to be social to us, may now be biological within our bodies, so it would be harder for us to change our ways that we live. How to cite Are gender differences socially shaped?, Papers

Blues and Music free essay sample

Good day everyone, my name Is Oleo Jean and I will be your facilitator In todays discussion concerning the Influence of Music in our culture an values today. To begin lets start off with an overview of our discussion points for today which will include: (1) Music and radio the ways they have shaped American Culture and its value. (2) How music and a particular genre has personally affected me and those close to me. (3) How music has shaped cultural and social behavior within America.Music has been around for the ages but the question arises how has It had an impact on how it has been able to shape American cultures and values. We have been able to see through the years how it has aided in the shaping of identities, providing comfort when there was no other means from childhood to adulthood. It has been during this time that we have been able to see how it has affected relationships between parents and their children, schools and government all because of persons not approving of perhaps lyrics, sounds or even what those two areas may have caused young people to do In regards to dancing. Other music and dances that would fall in line with the Tango would be the Charleston and jitterbug. Both were inspired from jazz music however, it was recognized then as music and dancing that inspired unrestrained dances.Again these dances and music now are ever so accepted within the American culture. Jazz was only a segment of it as later, other genre came into light such as rock-n-roll. A combination of blues music, and traditional pop (both vocal and instrumental) combined to bring us a new sound entitled Rock and Roll. The combination of the two was considered to be the first Integration music as it was the means by which we could merge the sounds of what was recognized as rhythm and blues (the black sound) merged with country, folk and pop.Rock-n-roll has been accredited as the only new style of music hat has developed from a diverse set of influences with such a grand impact on numerous cultures. You may be asking how this could be with all the various genres that are available to the listening ear. Well the answer would be Marketing 101. Yes the industry came to understand that these new music genres rather it be Rock-n-roll or something closer to today like rap, the focus group for marketing are the youths within the household.